怎样安装Perl

2016年6月28日 | 分类: 【技术】

【工具】

yum install gcc gcc-c++ make

【yum安装】

以下命令基本上把perl的模块给安装齐了:

yum install perl*

安装CPAN,这样以后有什么需要直接用cpan编译安装:

yum install cpan

参考:http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/howto/cgi

【升级】

参考:https://www.quyu.net/info/739.html
参考:https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/476622

下载:http://www.cpan.org/src/5.0/
手册:http://www.cpan.org/src/README.html

意图:通过源码编译实现升级到Perl最新版本 Perl 5.28.0

先看一下 Perl 的安装路径:

which perl

输出:

/usr/bin/perl
ll /usr/bin/perl

输出:

-rwxr-xr-x 2 root root 5396 Mar 22  2017 /usr/bin/perl

下载源码开始编译安装:

wget http://www.cpan.org/src/5.0/perl-5.28.0.tar.gz && tar -zxvf perl-5.28.0.tar.gz && cd perl-5.28.0
./Configure -des -Dprefix=/usr/local/perl -Dusethreads -Uinstalluserbinperl -Dcc=gcc
make -j4 && make install

安装完成后 Perl 所在目录为 /usr/local/perl,Perl 执行文件在 /usr/local/bin 里。

替换系统原有的 Perl:

mv /usr/bin/perl /usr/bin/perl.bak
ln -s /usr/local/perl/bin/perl /usr/bin/perl

查看版本:

perl -v

输出:


This is perl 5, version 28, subversion 0 (v5.28.0) built for x86_64-linux-thread-multi

Copyright 1987-2018, Larry Wall

Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the
GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.

Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on
this system using "man perl" or "perldoc perl".  If you have access to the
Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.

升级成功!

重启系统,登入shell时报错:

Can't locate local/lib.pm in @INC (you may need to install the local::lib module) (@INC contains: /usr/local/perl/lib/site_perl/5.28.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/local/perl/lib/site_perl/5.28.0 /usr/local/perl/lib/5.28.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/local/perl/lib/5.28.0).
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted.

那就执行:

cpan install local::lib

重启系统,登入shell时正常。

【通过apxs工具添加cgi模块】

apxs工具可以在不重新编译Apache的情况下添加模块,如cgi模块。

参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/52php/p/5669833

Apache运行cgi程序需要用到2个模块:mod_cgi.so 与 mod_cgid.so:

LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so
LoadModule cgid_module modules/mod_cgid.so

如要额外安装cgi,先找到mod_cgi.c及mod_cgid.c。一般在apache安装包目录下:

wget http://www-us.apache.org/dist//httpd/httpd-2.4.23.tar.gz && tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.23.tar.gz && cd httpd-2.4.23/modules/generators

编译安装 cgi模块:

/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs -i -a -c mod_cgi.c

输出:

...
Libraries have been installed in:
   /usr/local/apache2/modules
...
chmod 755 /usr/local/apache2/modules/mod_cgi.so
[activating module `cgi' in /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf]

最后一行表示,在httpd.conf中已经加载了cgi module。

编译安装 cgid模板:

/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs -i -a -c mod_cgid.c

输出:

...
Libraries have been installed in:
   /usr/local/apache2/modules
...
chmod 755 /usr/local/apache2/modules/mod_cgid.so
[activating module `cgid' in /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf]

最后一行表示,在httpd.conf中已经加载了cgid module。

查看下配置文件 httpd.conf ,发现cgi与cgid模块已被加载:

...
LoadModule cgi_module         modules/mod_cgi.so
LoadModule cgid_module        modules/mod_cgid.so

重启Apache:

service httpd stop && service httpd start

查看phpinfo:

Loaded Modules 	... mod_cgi mod_cgid 

Apache(httpd.conf)加载cgi模块正常。

4. 配置Apache运行cgi

编辑 /usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf :

<virtualhost 123.123.123.123:80>
	ServerName stats.amon.org
	DocumentRoot /usr/local/awstats/wwwroot/
	Alias /awstatsclasses "/usr/local/awstats/wwwroot/classes/"
	Alias /awstatscss "/usr/local/awstats/wwwroot/css/"
	Alias /awstatsicons "/usr/local/awstats/wwwroot/icon/"
	ScriptAlias /awstats/ "/usr/local/awstats/wwwroot/cgi-bin/"
	<directory "/usr/local/awstats/wwwroot">
		Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
		AllowOverride All
		Require all granted
	</directory>
</virtualhost>

即可打开网址:http://stats.amon.org/awstats/awstats.pl